Ukraine war: Sergei Surovikin removed as commander of Ukraine invasion force

Image source, Getty ImagesImage caption, Gen Gerasimov has been Russia's chief of the general staff since 2012By Will Vernon in Moscow and Laura Gozzi in LondonBBC News

President Vladimir Putin has removed Russia's top commander in Ukraine, three months after he was installed.

Chief of the General Staff Valery Gerasimov has been appointed to lead what Russia calls its "special military operation" against its neighbour.

He replaces Sergei Surovikin who has overseen Moscow's brutal attacks on Ukraine's energy infrastructure.

The reshuffle comes as Russian forces say they are making progress in eastern Ukraine after months of setbacks.

Gen Gerasimov, who has been in post since 2012, is the longest-serving Russian chief of general staff of the post-Soviet era.

Gen Surovikin – now his deputy – has been dubbed "General Armageddon" for his brutal tactics in previous wars, including Russia's operations in Syria.

Shortly after he was appointed to lead the operation in October, Russia began its campaign to destroy Ukraine's energy infrastructure, leaving millions of Ukrainian civilians without heat or power for extended periods in the depths of winter. He also oversaw Russia's withdrawal from the city of Kherson – a major success for the Ukrainians.

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Russia's defence ministry said the decision to replace Gen Surovikin was aimed at organising "closer contact between different branches of the armed forces and improving the quality and effectiveness of the management of Russian forces".

But the move has been seen by some as a sign that he may have gained too much power.

"As the unified commander in Ukraine, Surovikin was becoming very powerful, and was likely bypassing [Russian Defence Minister Sergei] Shoigu and Gerasimov when talking to Putin," military analyst Rob Lee wrote on Twitter.

Some of Russia's hawkish military bloggers, who support the war but frequently criticise the way it is being carried out, have been highly critical of Russia's military leadership, including the new head of the special operation, Gen Gerasimov.

Wednesday's announcement comes as fighting continues in Soledar in eastern Ukraine.

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Media caption,

Watch: Video shows fighting in Soledar, Ukraine, but the BBC has been unable to confirm the date these videos were filmed

The fall of Soledar may help Russian troops in their assault on the strategic city of Bakhmut, about 10km (6 miles) to the south-west, providing them with a secure artillery position within range of the city.

Soledar also has deep salt mines, which could be used to station troops and store equipment, protected from Ukrainian missiles.

Russia's mercenary Wagner Group has taken full credit for "storming" it.

On Tuesday night, the group's leader, Yevgeny Prigozhin, said his forces were in full control of Soledar. However, on Wednesday the Russian defence ministry released a statement appearing to contradict his claim – or that only Wagner group troops were involved.

This led to Mr Prigozhin repeating the claim on Wednesday evening. In a short statement on Telegram, he boasted that his mercenaries had killed around 500 pro-Ukraine troops. "The whole city is littered with the corpses of Ukrainian soldiers," he wrote.

The apparent differences hint at divisions in Russia's military leadership, particularly between the Wagner Group and the defence ministry.

For his part, Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky denied that the city had fallen.

"The terrorist state and its propagandists are trying to pretend" to have achieved some successes in Soledar, Mr Zelensky said in his nightly address on Wednesday, "but the fighting continues".

"We do everything, without stopping for a single day, to strengthen Ukrainian defence. Our potential is growing," he added.